运动量和强度对代谢综合征的作用
From 自明知识
运动锻炼的量和强度对代谢综合征的作用
虽然运动能改善代谢综合征的单个危险因素，但没有针对运动对代谢综合征整体作用的研究。这项研究的目的是确定多少量的运动可以被推荐用以减少代谢综合征的流行。334名随机入选的患者，完成了227名，其中171名（80名女性，91名男性）符合所有5条ATP-III定义的代谢综合征危险因素的患者纳入这项研究。患者随机接受6个月对照或3种为期8个月的运动锻炼中的一种：（1）低运动量/中等强度（相当于每周走19千米），（2）低运动量/高强度（相当于每周慢跑19千米），（3）高运动量/高强度（相当于每周慢跑32千米）。相对于不运动的对照组低运动量中等强度的运动处方改善代谢综合征（P<0.05）。但是，同样运动量的高强度运动相对于对照组却没有明显的获益。大运动量高强度的运动处方对代谢综合征的改善优于对照组，低运动量高强度组和低运动量中等强度组，显示出运动的量效关系。综上所述，在没有饮食改变的情况下，适量、适当强度的运动明显的改善代谢综合征，这支持了每天30分钟中等强度锻炼的推荐。高强度高运动量有着更强、更广泛的益处。最后，有证据显示中等强度的运动对代谢综合征的改善可能优于高强度。
Exercise Training Amount and Intensity Effects on Metabolic Syndrome (from Studies of a Targeted Risk Reduction Intervention through Defined Exercise)
Johanna L. Johnson MSa, , , Cris A. Slentz PhDa, Joseph A. Houmard PhDb, Gregory P. Samsa PhDc, d, Brian D. Duscha MSa, Lori B. Aiken BSa, Jennifer S. McCartney MAb, Charles J. Tanner MSb and William E. Kraus MDa
aDepartment of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Duke University Medical Center and Duke Center for Living, Durham, North Carolina
bDepartment of Exercise and Sports Science and Human Performance Laboratory, East Carolina University, Greenville, North Carolina
cDepartment of Medicine, General Internal Medicine, Center for Health Policy Research, Durham, North Carolina
dDepartment of Community and Family Medicine, Durham, North Carolina. Received 2 April 2007; revised 1 July 2007; accepted 1 July 2007. Available online 29 October 2007.
Although exercise improves individual risk factors for metabolic syndrome (MS), there is little research on the effect of exercise on MS as a whole. The objective of this study was to determine how much exercise is recommended to decrease the prevalence of MS. Of 334 subjects randomly assigned, 227 finished and 171 (80 women, 91 men) had complete data for all 5 Adult Treatment Panel III–defined MS risk factors and were included in this analysis. Subjects were randomly assigned to a 6-month control or 1 of 3 eight-month exercise training groups of (1) low amount/moderate intensity (equivalent to walking 19 km/week), (2) low amount/vigorous intensity (equivalent to jogging 19 km/week), or (3) high amount/vigorous intensity (equivalent to jogging 32 km/week). The low-amount/moderate-intensity exercise prescription improved MS relative to inactive controls (p <0.05). However, the same amount of exercise at vigorous intensity was not significantly better than inactive controls, suggesting that lower-intensity exercise may be more effective in improving MS. The high-amount/vigorous-intensity group improved MS relative to controls (p <0.0001), the low-amount/vigorous-intensity group (p = 0.001), and the moderate-intensity group (p = 0.07), suggesting an exercise-dose effect. In conclusion, a modest amount of moderate-intensity exercise in the absence of dietary changes significantly improved MS and thus supported the recommendation that adults get 30 minutes of moderate-intensity exercise every day. A higher amount of vigorous exercise had greater and more widespread benefits. Finally, there was an indication that moderate-intensity may be better than vigorous-intensity exercise for improving MS.